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README.md
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@ -114,13 +114,13 @@ Third party libraries like LUFA, PJRC and V-USB have their own license respectiv
Build Firmware and Program Controller
-------------------------------------
See [doc/build.md](doc/build.md).
See [tmk_core/doc/build.md](tmk_core/doc/build.md).
Change your keymap
------------------
See [doc/keymap.md](doc/keymap.md).
See [tmk_core/doc/keymap.md](tmk_core/doc/keymap.md).
@ -226,10 +226,10 @@ You can use xprintf() to display debug info on `hid_listen`, see `tmk_core/commo
Files and Directories
-------------------
### Top
* tmk_core/ - core library
* keyboard/ - keyboard projects
* converter/ - protocol converter projects
* doc/ - documents
* tmk_core/ - core library
* tmk_core/doc/ - documents
@ -241,4 +241,4 @@ Coding Style
Other Keyboard Firmware Projects
------------------
You can learn a lot about keyboard firmware from these. See [doc/other_projects.md](doc/other_projects.md).
You can learn a lot about keyboard firmware from these. See [Other Projects](https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/wiki/Other-Protjects) other than TMK.

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doc/COPYING.GPLv2
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@ -1,339 +0,0 @@
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
Preamble
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
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When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
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674
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@ -1,674 +0,0 @@
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
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40
doc/FUSE.txt
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@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
ATMega168P Fuse/Lock Bits
=========================
This configuration is from usbasploader's Makefile.
HFUSE 0xD6
LFUSE 0xDF
EFUSE 0x00
LOCK 0x3F(intact)
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# ATMega168P
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Fuse extended byte:
# 0x00 = 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 <-- BOOTRST (boot reset vector at 0x1800)
# \+/
# +------- BOOTSZ (00 = 2k bytes)
# Fuse high byte:
# 0xd6 = 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
# ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ \-+-/
# | | | | | +------ BODLEVEL 0..2 (110 = 1.8 V)
# | | | | + --------- EESAVE (preserve EEPROM over chip erase)
# | | | +-------------- WDTON (if 0: watchdog always on)
# | | +---------------- SPIEN (allow serial programming)
# | +------------------ DWEN (debug wire enable)
# +-------------------- RSTDISBL (reset pin is enabled)
# Fuse low byte:
# 0xdf = 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1
# ^ ^ \ / \--+--/
# | | | +------- CKSEL 3..0 (external >8M crystal)
# | | +--------------- SUT 1..0 (crystal osc, BOD enabled)
# | +------------------ CKOUT (if 0: Clock output enabled)
# +-------------------- CKDIV8 (if 0: divide by 8)
# Lock Bits
# 0x3f = - - 1 1 1 1 1 1
# \ / \-/ \-/
# | | +----- LB 2..1 (No memory lock features enabled)
# | +--------- BLB0 2..1 (No restrictions for SPM or LPM accessing the Application section)
# +--------------- BLB1 2..1 (No restrictions for SPM or LPM accessing the Boot Loader section)

62
doc/POWER.txt
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Time to Sleep
=============
USB suspend no activity on USB line for 3ms
No Interaction no user interaction
matrix has no change
matrix has no switch on
AVR Power Management
====================
V-USB suspend
USB suspend
http://vusb.wikidot.com/examples
MCUSR MCU Status Register
WDRF Watchdog Reset Flag
BORF
EXTRF
PORF Power-on Reset Flag
SMCR Sleep Mode Control Register
SE Sleep Enable
SM2:0
#define set_sleep_mode(mode) \
#define SLEEP_MODE_IDLE (0)
#define SLEEP_MODE_ADC _BV(SM0)
#define SLEEP_MODE_PWR_DOWN _BV(SM1)
#define SLEEP_MODE_PWR_SAVE (_BV(SM0) | _BV(SM1))
#define SLEEP_MODE_STANDBY (_BV(SM1) | _BV(SM2))
#define SLEEP_MODE_EXT_STANDBY (_BV(SM0) | _BV(SM1) | _BV(SM2))
ACSR Analog Comparator Control and Status Register
To disable Analog Comparator
ACSR = 0x80;
or
ACSR &= ~_BV(ACIE);
ACSR |= _BV(ACD);
ACD: Analog Comparator Disable
When this bit is written logic one, the power to the Analog Comparator is
switched off. This bit can be set at any time to turn off the Analog
Comparator. This will reduce power consumption in Active and Idle mode.
When changing the ACD bit, the Analog Comparator Interrupt must be disabled
by clearing the ACIE bit in ACSR. Otherwise an interrupt can occur when
the bit is changed.
DIDR1 Digital Input Disable Register 1
AIN1D
AIN0D
When this bit is written logic one, the digital input buffer on the AIN1/0 pin is disabled. The corresponding PIN Register bit will always read as zero when this bit is set. When an analog signal is applied to the AIN1/0 pin and the digital input from this pin is not needed, this bit should be written logic one to reduce power consumption in the digital input buffer.
PRR Power Reduction Register
PRTWI
PRTIM2
PRTIM0
PRTIM1
PRSPI
PRUSART0
PRADC

160
doc/USB_NKRO.txt
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@ -1,160 +0,0 @@
USB NKRO MEMO
=============
2010/12/09
References
----------
USB - boot mode, NKRO, compatibility, etc...
http://geekhack.org/showthread.php?t=13162
NKey Rollover - Overview, Testing Methodology, and Results
http://geekhack.org/showwiki.php?title=NKey+Rollover+-+Overview+Testing+Methodology+and+Results
dfj's NKRO(2010/06)
http://geekhack.org/showpost.php?p=191195&postcount=251
http://geekhack.org/showthread.php?p=204389#post204389
Terminology
---------
NKRO
ghost
matrix
mechanical with diodes
membrane
OS Support Status
-----------------
USB NKRO is possible *without* a custom driver.
At least following OS's supports.
Windows7 64bit
WindowsXP
Windows2000 SP4
Ubuntu10.4(Linux 2.6)
MacOSX(To be tested)
Custom Driver for USB NKRO
--------------------------
NOT NEEDED
at least when using following report formats on Windows, Linux or MacOSX.
USB NKRO methods
----------------
1. Virtual keyboards
Keyboard can increase its KRO by using virtual keyboards with Standard or Extended report.
If the keyboard has 2 virtual keyboard with Standard report(6KRO), it gets 12KRO.
Using this method means the keyboard is a composite device.
2. Extended report
It needs large report size for this method to achieve NKRO.
If a keyboard has 101keys, it needs 103byte report. It seems to be inefficient.
3. Bitmap report
If the keyboard has less than 128keys, 16byte report will be enough for NKRO.
The 16byte report seems to be reasonable cost to get NKRO.
Report Format
-------------
Other report formats than followings are possible, though these format are typical one.
1. Standard 8bytes
modifiers(bitmap) 1byte
reserved 1byte(not used)
keys(array) 1byte*6
Standard report can send 6keys plus 8modifiers simultaneously.
Standard report is used by most keyboards in the marketplace.
Standard report is identical to boot protocol report.
Standard report is hard to suffer from compatibility problems.
2. Extended standard 16,32,64bytes
modifiers(bitmap) 1byte
reserved 1byte(not used)
keys(array) 1byte*(14,32,62)
Extended report can send N-keys by using N+2bytes.
Extended report is expected to be compatible with boot protocol.
3. Bitmap 16,32,64bytes
keys(bitmap) (16,32)bytes
Bitmap report can send at most 128keys by 16bytes and 256keys by 32bytes.
Bitmap report can achieve USB NKRO efficiently in terms of report size.
Bitmap report needs a deliberation for boot protocol implementation.
Bitmap report descriptor sample:
0x05, 0x01, // Usage Page (Generic Desktop),
0x09, 0x06, // Usage (Keyboard),
0xA1, 0x01, // Collection (Application),
// bitmap of modifiers
0x75, 0x01, // Report Size (1),
0x95, 0x08, // Report Count (8),
0x05, 0x07, // Usage Page (Key Codes),
0x19, 0xE0, // Usage Minimum (224),
0x29, 0xE7, // Usage Maximum (231),
0x15, 0x00, // Logical Minimum (0),
0x25, 0x01, // Logical Maximum (1),
0x81, 0x02, // Input (Data, Variable, Absolute), ;Modifier byte
// LED output report
0x95, 0x05, // Report Count (5),
0x75, 0x01, // Report Size (1),
0x05, 0x08, // Usage Page (LEDs),
0x19, 0x01, // Usage Minimum (1),
0x29, 0x05, // Usage Maximum (5),
0x91, 0x02, // Output (Data, Variable, Absolute),
0x95, 0x01, // Report Count (1),
0x75, 0x03, // Report Size (3),
0x91, 0x03, // Output (Constant),
// bitmap of keys
0x95, (REPORT_BYTES-1)*8, // Report Count (),
0x75, 0x01, // Report Size (1),
0x15, 0x00, // Logical Minimum (0),
0x25, 0x01, // Logical Maximum(1),
0x05, 0x07, // Usage Page (Key Codes),
0x19, 0x00, // Usage Minimum (0),
0x29, (REPORT_BYTES-1)*8-1, // Usage Maximum (),
0x81, 0x02, // Input (Data, Variable, Absolute),
0xc0 // End Collection
where REPORT_BYTES is a report size in bytes.
Considerations
--------------
Compatibility
boot protocol
minor/old system
Some BIOS doesn't send SET_PROTOCOL request, a keyboard can't switch to boot protocol mode.
This may cause a problem on a keyboard which uses other report than Standard.
Reactivity
USB polling time
OS/Driver processing time
Windows Problem
---------------
1. Windows accepts only 6keys in case of Standard report.
It should be able to send 6keys plus 8modifiers.
2. Windows accepts only 10keys in case of 16bytes Extended report.
It should be able to send 14keys plus 8modifiers.
3. Windows accepts only 18keys in case of 32bytes Extended report.
It should be able to send 30keys plus 8modifiers.
If keys are pressed in excess of the number, wrong keys are registered on Windows.
This problem will be reportedly fixed soon.(2010/12/05)
http://forums.anandtech.com/showpost.php?p=30873364&postcount=17
Tools for testing NKRO
----------------------
Browser App:
http://www.microsoft.com/appliedsciences/content/projects/KeyboardGhostingDemo.aspx
http://random.xem.us/rollover.html
Windows:
AquaKeyTest.exe http://geekhack.org/showthread.php?t=6643
Linux:
xkeycaps
xev
showkeys
EOF

185
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@ -1,185 +0,0 @@
Build Firmware and Program Controller
=====================================
Download and Install
--------------------
### 1. Install Tools
1. **Toolchain** On Windows install [Atmel AVR Toolchain][atmelgcc] for AVR GCC compiler and [Cygwin][cygwin](or [MinGW][mingw]) for shell terminal. On Mac you can use [CrossPack][crosspack] or your favorite package manager. On Linux you can install AVR GCC with your favorite package manager.
2. **Programmer** Install [dfu-programmer][dfu-prog]. GUI tool [Atmel FLIP][flip] also can be used on Windows.
3. **Driver** On Windows you start DFU bootloader on the chip first time you will see 'Found New Hardware Wizard' to install driver. If you install device driver properly you can find chip name like 'ATmega32U4' under 'LibUSB-Win32 Devices' tree on 'Device Manager'. If not you shall need to update its driver on 'Device Manager'. You will find the driver in `FLIP` install directory like: C:\Program Files (x86)\Atmel\Flip 3.4.5\usb\. In case of `dfu-programmer` use its driver.
If you use PJRC Teensy you don't need step 2 and 3 above, just get [Teensy loader][teensy-loader].
### 2. Download source
You can find firmware source at github:
- <https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard>
If you are familiar with `Git` tools you are recommended to use it but you can also download zip archive from:
- <https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/archive/master.zip>
Build firmware
--------------
### 1. Open terminal
Open terminal window to get access to commands. Use Cygwin(or MingGW) `shell terminal` in Windows or `Terminal.app` on Mac OSX. In Windows press `Windows` key and `R` then enter `cmd` in 'Run command' dialog showing up.
### 2. Change directory
Move to project directory in the firmware source.
cd tmk_keyboard/{'keyboard' or 'converter'}/<project>
### 3. Make
Build firmware using GNU `make` command. You'll see `<project>_<variant>.hex` file in that directory unless something unexpected occurs in build process.
make -f Makefile.<variant> clean
make -f Makefile.<variant>
Program Controller
------------------
Now you have **hex** file to program on current directory. This **hex** is only needed to program your controller, other files are used for development and you may leave and forget them.
### 1. Start bootloader
How to program controller depends on controller chip and its board design. To program AVR USB chips you'll need to start it up in bootloader mode. Most of boards with the chip have a push button to let bootloader come up. Consult with your controller board manual.
### 2. Program with DFU bootloader
Stock AVR USB chips have DFU bootloader by factory default. `FLIP` is a DFU programmer on Windows offered by Atmel. Open source command line tool `dfu-programmer` also supports AVR chips, it runs on Linux, Mac OSX and even Windows.
To program AVR chip with DFU bootloader use `FLIP` or `dfu-programmer`.
If you have a proper program command in `Makefile` just type this.
`FLIP` has two version of tool, GUI app and command line program. If you want GUI see tutorial below.
To use command line tool run this command. Note that you need to set PATH variable properly.
$ make -f Makefile.<variant> flip
Or to program with `dfu-programmer` run:
$ make -f Makefile.<variant> dfu
#### FLIP GUI tutorial
1. On menu bar click Device -> Select, then choose your chip name.
2. On menu bar click Settings -> Communication -> USB, then click 'Open' button on 'USB Port Connection' dialog.
At this point you'll see grey-outed widgets on the app get colored and ready.
3. On menu bar click File -> Load HEX File, then select your firmware hex file on File Selector dialog.
4. On 'Operations Flow' panel click 'Run' button to load the firmware binary to the chip. Note that you should keep 'Erase', 'Blank Check', 'Program' and 'Verify' check boxes selected.
5. Re-plug USB cord or click 'Start Application' button to restart your controller.
Done.
See also these instructions if you need.
- <http://code.google.com/p/micropendous/wiki/LoadingFirmwareWithFLIP>
- <http://www.atmel.com/Images/doc7769.pdf>
### 3. Program with Teensy Loader
If you have PJRC Teensy see instruction of `Teensy Loader`.
- <http://www.pjrc.com/teensy/loader.html>
Or use this command if you have command line version of Teensy Loader installed.
$ make -f Makefile.<variant> teensy
### 4. Program with Other programmer
You may want to use other programmer like `avrdude` with AVRISPmkII, Arduino or USBasp. In that case you can still use make target `program` for build with configuring `PROGRAM_CMD` in Makefile.
$ make -f Makefile.<variant> program
[atmelgcc]: http://www.atmel.com/tools/ATMELAVRTOOLCHAINFORWINDOWS.aspx
[cygwin]: https://www.cygwin.com/
[mingw]: http://www.mingw.org/
[crosspack]: http://www.obdev.at/products/crosspack/index.html
[flip]: http://www.atmel.com/tools/FLIP.aspx
[dfu-prog]: http://dfu-programmer.sourceforge.net/
[teensy-loader]:http://www.pjrc.com/teensy/loader.html
Makefile Options
----------------
### 1. MCU and Frequency.
MCU = atmega32u4 # Teensy 2.0
#MCU = at90usb1286 # Teensy++ 2.0
F_CPU = 16000000
Set your MCU and its clock in Hz.
# Boot Section Size in *bytes*
# Teensy halfKay 512
# Atmel DFU loader 4096
# LUFA bootloader 4096
OPT_DEFS += -DBOOTLOADER_SIZE=4096
If you are using PJRC Teensy use `512` for `BOOTLOADER_SIZE`, otherwise use `4096` unless you are sure.
### 2. Features
Optional. Note that ***comment out*** with `#` to disable them.
BOOTMAGIC_ENABLE = yes # Virtual DIP switch configuration(+1000)
MOUSEKEY_ENABLE = yes # Mouse keys(+4700)
EXTRAKEY_ENABLE = yes # Audio control and System control(+450)
CONSOLE_ENABLE = yes # Console for debug(+400)
COMMAND_ENABLE = yes # Commands for debug and configuration
SLEEP_LED_ENABLE = yes # Breathing sleep LED during USB suspend
#NKRO_ENABLE = yes # USB Nkey Rollover - not yet supported in LUFA
#BACKLIGHT_ENABLE = yes # Enable keyboard backlight functionality
### 3. Programmer
Optional. Set proper command for your controller, bootloader and programmer. This command can be used with `make program`. Not needed if you use `FLIP`, `dfu-programmer` or `Teensy Loader`.
# avrdude with AVRISPmkII
PROGRAM_CMD = avrdude -p $(MCU) -c avrispmkII -P USB -U flash:w:$(TARGET).hex
# avrdude with USBaspLoader
PROGRAM_CMD = avrdude -p $(MCU) -c usbasp -U flash:w:$(TARGET).hex
# avrdude with arduino
PROGRAM_CMD = avrdude -p $(MCU) -c arduino -P COM1 -b 57600 -U flash:w:$(TARGET).hex
Config.h Options
----------------
### 1. Magic command key combination
#define IS_COMMAND() (keyboard_report->mods == (MOD_BIT(KB_LSHIFT) | MOD_BIT(KB_RSHIFT)))
### 2. Mechanical Locking Support for CapsLock
/* Mechanical locking CapsLock support. Use KC_LCAP instead of KC_CAPS in keymap */
#define CAPSLOCK_LOCKING_ENABLE
/* Locking CapsLock re-synchronize hack */
#define CAPSLOCK_LOCKING_RESYNC_ENABLE
### 3. Disable Debug and Print
/* disable debug print */
#define NO_DEBUG
/* disable print */
#define NO_PRINT
### 4. Disable Action Features
#define NO_ACTION_LAYER
#define NO_ACTION_TAPPING
#define NO_ACTION_ONESHOT
#define NO_ACTION_MACRO
#define NO_ACTION_FUNCTION
***TBD***

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Keycode Symbol Table
====================
Keycodes are defined in `common/keycode.h`.
Range of 00-A4 and E0-E7 are identical with HID Usage:
<http://www.usb.org/developers/devclass_docs/Hut1_11.pdf>
Virtual keycodes are defined out of above range to support special actions.
Keycode Symbol Short name Description
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
KC_NO 00 Reserved (no event indicated)
KC_ROLL_OVER 01 Keyboard ErrorRollOver
KC_POST_FAIL 02 Keyboard POSTFail
KC_UNDEFINED 03 Keyboard ErrorUndefined
KC_A 04 Keyboard a and A
KC_B 05 Keyboard b and B
KC_C 06 Keyboard c and C
KC_D 07 Keyboard d and D
KC_E 08 Keyboard e and E
KC_F 09 Keyboard f and F
KC_G 0A Keyboard g and G
KC_H 0B Keyboard h and H
KC_I 0C Keyboard i and I
KC_J 0D Keyboard j and J
KC_K 0E Keyboard k and K
KC_L 0F Keyboard l and L
KC_M 10 Keyboard m and M
KC_N 11 Keyboard n and N
KC_O 12 Keyboard o and O
KC_P 13 Keyboard p and P
KC_Q 14 Keyboard q and Q
KC_R 15 Keyboard r and R
KC_S 16 Keyboard s and S
KC_T 17 Keyboard t and T
KC_U 18 Keyboard u and U
KC_V 19 Keyboard v and V
KC_W 1A Keyboard w and W
KC_X 1B Keyboard x and X
KC_Y 1C Keyboard y and Y
KC_Z 1D Keyboard z and Z
KC_1 1E Keyboard 1 and !
KC_2 1F Keyboard 2 and @
KC_3 20 Keyboard 3 and #
KC_4 21 Keyboard 4 and $
KC_5 22 Keyboard 5 and %
KC_6 23 Keyboard 6 and ^
KC_7 24 Keyboard 7 and &
KC_8 25 Keyboard 8 and *
KC_9 26 Keyboard 9 and (
KC_0 27 Keyboard 0 and )
KC_ENTER KC_ENT 28 Keyboard Return (ENTER)
KC_ESCAPE KC_ESC 29 Keyboard ESCAPE
KC_BSPACE KC_BSPC 2A Keyboard DELETE (Backspace)
KC_TAB 2B Keyboard Tab
KC_SPACE KC_SPC 2C Keyboard Spacebar
KC_MINUS KC_MINS 2D Keyboard - and (underscore)
KC_EQUAL KC_EQL 2E Keyboard = and +
KC_LBRACKET KC_LBRC 2F Keyboard [ and {
KC_RBRACKET KC_RBRC 30 Keyboard ] and }
KC_BSLASH KC_BSLS 31 Keyboard \ and |
KC_NONUS_HASH KC_NUHS 32 Keyboard Non-US # and ~
KC_SCOLON KC_SCLN 33 Keyboard ; and :
KC_QUOTE KC_QUOT 34 Keyboard ‘ and “
KC_GRAVE KC_GRV 35 Keyboard Grave Accent and Tilde
KC_COMMA KC_COMM 36 Keyboard, and <
KC_DOT 37 Keyboard . and >
KC_SLASH KC_SLSH 38 Keyboard / and ?
KC_CAPSLOCK KC_CAPS 39 Keyboard Caps Lock
KC_F1 3A Keyboard F1
KC_F2 3B Keyboard F2
KC_F3 3C Keyboard F3
KC_F4 3D Keyboard F4
KC_F5 3E Keyboard F5
KC_F6 3F Keyboard F6
KC_F7 40 Keyboard F7
KC_F8 41 Keyboard F8
KC_F9 42 Keyboard F9
KC_F10 43 Keyboard F10
KC_F11 44 Keyboard F11
KC_F12 45 Keyboard F12
KC_PSCREEN KC_PSCR 46 Keyboard PrintScreen1
KC_SCKLOCK KC_SLCK 47 Keyboard Scroll Lock11
KC_PAUSE KC_PAUS 48 Keyboard Pause1
KC_INSERT KC_INS 49 Keyboard Insert1
KC_HOME 4A Keyboard Home1
KC_PGUP 4B Keyboard PageUp1
KC_DELETE KC_DELETE 4C Keyboard Delete Forward
KC_END 4D Keyboard End1
KC_PGDOWN KC_PGDN 4E Keyboard PageDown1
KC_RIGHT KC_RGHT 4F Keyboard RightArrow1
KC_LEFT 50 Keyboard LeftArrow1
KC_DOWN 51 Keyboard DownArrow1
KC_UP 52 Keyboard UpArrow1
KC_NUMLOCK KC_NLCK 53 Keypad Num Lock and Clear11
KC_KP_SLASH KC_PSLS 54 Keypad /1
KC_KP_ASTERISK KC_PAST 55 Keypad *
KC_KP_MINUS KC_PMNS 56 Keypad -
KC_KP_PLUS KC_PPLS 57 Keypad +
KC_KP_ENTER KC_PENT 58 Keypad ENTER5
KC_KP_1 KC_P1 59 Keypad 1 and End
KC_KP_2 KC_P2 5A Keypad 2 and Down Arrow
KC_KP_3 KC_P3 5B Keypad 3 and PageDn
KC_KP_4 KC_P4 5C Keypad 4 and Left Arrow
KC_KP_5 KC_P5 5D Keypad 5
KC_KP_6 KC_P6 5E Keypad 6 and Right Arrow
KC_KP_7 KC_P7 5F Keypad 7 and Home
KC_KP_8 KC_P8 60 Keypad 8 and Up Arrow
KC_KP_9 KC_P9 61 Keypad 9 and PageUp
KC_KP_0 KC_P0 62 Keypad 0 and Insert
KC_KP_DOT KC_PDOT 63 Keypad . and Delete
KC_NONUS_BSLASH KC_NUBS 64 Keyboard Non-US \ and |
KC_APPLICATION KC_APP 65 Keyboard Application10
KC_POWER 66 Keyboard Power9
KC_KP_EQUAL KC_PEQL 67 Keypad =
KC_F13 68 Keyboard F13
KC_F14 69 Keyboard F14
KC_F15 6A Keyboard F15
KC_F16 6B Keyboard F16
KC_F17 6C Keyboard F17
KC_F18 6D Keyboard F18
KC_F19 6E Keyboard F19
KC_F20 6F Keyboard F20
KC_F21 70 Keyboard F21
KC_F22 71 Keyboard F22
KC_F23 72 Keyboard F23
KC_F24 73 Keyboard F24
KC_EXECUTE 74 Keyboard Execute
KC_HELP 75 Keyboard Help
KC_MENU 76 Keyboard Menu
KC_SELECT 77 Keyboard Select
KC_STOP 78 Keyboard Stop
KC_AGAIN 79 Keyboard Again
KC_UNDO 7A Keyboard Undo
KC_CUT 7B Keyboard Cut
KC_COPY 7C Keyboard Copy
KC_PASTE 7D Keyboard Paste
KC_FIND 7E Keyboard Find
KC__MUTE 7F Keyboard Mute
KC__VOLUP 80 Keyboard Volume Up
KC__VOLDOWN 81 Keyboard Volume Down
KC_LOCKING_CAPS 82 Keyboard Locking Caps Lock12
KC_LOCKING_NUM 83 Keyboard Locking Num Lock12
KC_LOCKING_SCROLL 84 Keyboard Locking Scroll Lock12
KC_KP_COMMA KC_PCMM 85 Keypad Comma27
KC_KP_EQUAL_AS400 86 Keypad Equal Sign29
KC_INT1 KC_RO 87 Keyboard International115,28
KC_INT2 KC_KANA 88 Keyboard International216
KC_INT3 KC_JYEN 89 Keyboard International317
KC_INT4 KC_HENK 8A Keyboard International418
KC_INT5 KC_MHEN 8B Keyboard International519
KC_INT6 8C Keyboard International620
KC_INT7 8D Keyboard International721
KC_INT8 8E Keyboard International822
KC_INT9 8F Keyboard International922
KC_LANG1 90 Keyboard LANG125
KC_LANG2 91 Keyboard LANG226
KC_LANG3 92 Keyboard LANG330
KC_LANG4 93 Keyboard LANG431
KC_LANG5 94 Keyboard LANG532
KC_LANG6 95 Keyboard LANG68
KC_LANG7 96 Keyboard LANG78
KC_LANG8 97 Keyboard LANG88
KC_LANG9 98 Keyboard LANG98
KC_ALT_ERASE 99 Keyboard Alternate Erase7
KC_SYSREQ 9A Keyboard SysReq/Attention1
KC_CANCEL 9B Keyboard Cancel
KC_CLEAR 9C Keyboard Clear
KC_PRIOR 9D Keyboard Prior
KC_RETURN 9E Keyboard Return
KC_SEPARATOR 9F Keyboard Separator
KC_OUT A0 Keyboard Out
KC_OPER A1 Keyboard Oper
KC_CLEAR_AGAIN A2 Keyboard Clear/Again
KC_CRSEL A3 Keyboard CrSel/Props
KC_EXSEL A4 Keyboard ExSel
/* Modifiers */
KC_LCTRL KC_LCTL E0 Keyboard LeftControl
KC_LSHIFT KC_LSFT E1 Keyboard LeftShift
KC_LALT E2 Keyboard LeftAlt
KC_LGUI E3 Keyboard Left GUI(Windows/Apple/Meta key)
KC_RCTRL KC_RCTL E4 Keyboard RightControl
KC_RSHIFT KC_RSFT E5 Keyboard RightShift
KC_RALT E6 Keyboard RightAlt
KC_RGUI E7 Keyboard Right GUI(Windows/Apple/Meta key)
/*
* Virtual keycodes
*/
/* System Control */
KC_SYSTEM_POWER KC_PWR System Power Down
KC_SYSTEM_SLEEP KC_SLEP System Sleep
KC_SYSTEM_WAKE KC_WAKE System Wake
/* Consumer Page */
KC_AUDIO_MUTE KC_MUTE
KC_AUDIO_VOL_UP KC_VOLU
KC_AUDIO_VOL_DOWN KC_VOLD
KC_MEDIA_NEXT_TRACK KC_MNXT
KC_MEDIA_PREV_TRACK KC_MPRV
KC_MEDIA_STOP KC_MSTP
KC_MEDIA_PLAY_PAUSE KC_MPLY
KC_MEDIA_SELECT KC_MSEL
KC_MAIL KC_MAIL
KC_CALCULATOR KC_CALC
KC_MY_COMPUTER KC_MYCM
KC_WWW_SEARCH KC_WSCH
KC_WWW_HOME KC_WHOM
KC_WWW_BACK KC_WBAK
KC_WWW_FORWARD KC_WFWD
KC_WWW_STOP KC_WSTP
KC_WWW_REFRESH KC_WREF
KC_WWW_FAVORITES KC_WFAV
/* Mousekey */
KC_MS_UP KC_MS_U Mouse Cursor Up
KC_MS_DOWN KC_MS_D Mouse Cursor Down
KC_MS_LEFT KC_MS_L Mouse Cursor Left
KC_MS_RIGHT KC_MS_R Mouse Cursor Right
KC_MS_BTN1 KC_BTN1 Mouse Button 1
KC_MS_BTN2 KC_BTN2 Mouse Button 2
KC_MS_BTN3 KC_BTN3 Mouse Button 3
KC_MS_BTN4 KC_BTN4 Mouse Button 4
KC_MS_BTN5 KC_BTN5 Mouse Button 5
KC_MS_WH_UP KC_WH_U Mouse Wheel Up
KC_MS_WH_DOWN KC_WH_D Mouse Wheel Down
KC_MS_WH_LEFT KC_WH_L Mouse Wheel Left
KC_MS_WH_RIGHT KC_WH_R Mouse Wheel Right
KC_MS_ACCEL0 KC_ACL0 Mouse Acceleration 0
KC_MS_ACCEL1 KC_ACL1 Mouse Acceleration 1
KC_MS_ACCEL2 KC_ACL2 Mouse Acceleration 2
/* Fn key */
KC_FN0
KC_FN1
KC_FN2
KC_FN3
KC_FN4
KC_FN5
KC_FN6
KC_FN7
KC_FN8
KC_FN9
KC_FN10
KC_FN11
KC_FN12
KC_FN13
KC_FN14
KC_FN15
KC_FN16
KC_FN17
KC_FN18
KC_FN19
KC_FN20
KC_FN21
KC_FN22
KC_FN23
KC_FN24
KC_FN25
KC_FN26
KC_FN27
KC_FN28
KC_FN29
KC_FN30
KC_FN31

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Keymap framework - how to define your keymap
============================================
***NOTE: This is not final version, may be inconsistent with source code and changed occasionally for a while.***
## 0. Keymap and layers
**Keymap** is comprised of multiple layers of key layout, you can define **32 layers** at most.
**Layer** is an array of **keycodes** to define **actions** for each physical keys.
respective layers can be validated simultaneously. Layers are indexed with 0 to 31 and higher layer has precedence.
Keymap: 32 Layers Layer: Keycode matrix
----------------- ---------------------
stack of layers array_of_keycode[row][column]
____________ precedence _______________________
/ / | high / ESC / F1 / F2 / F3 ....
31 /___________// | /-----/-----/-----/-----
30 /___________// | / TAB / Q / W / E ....
29 /___________/ | /-----/-----/-----/-----
: _:_:_:_:_:__ | : /LCtrl/ A / S / D ....
: / : : : : : / | : / : : : :
2 /___________// | 2 `--------------------------
1 /___________// | 1 `--------------------------
0 /___________/ V low 0 `--------------------------
### 0.1 Keymap status
Keymap has its state in two parameters:
**`default_layer`** indicates a base keymap layer(0-31) which is always valid and to be referred, **`keymap_stat`** is 16bit variable which has current on/off status of layers on its each bit.
Keymap layer '0' is usually `default_layer` and which is the only valid layer and other layers is initially off after boot up firmware, though, you can configured them in `config.h`.
To change `default_layer` will be useful when you switch key layout completely, say you want Colmak instead of Qwerty.
Initial state of Keymap Change base layout
----------------------- ------------------
31 31
30 30
29 29
: :
: : ____________
2 ____________ 2 / /
1 / / ,->1 /___________/
,->0 /___________/ | 0
| |
`--- default_layer = 0 `--- default_layer = 1
layer_state = 0x00000001 layer_state = 0x00000002
On the other hand, you shall change `layer_state` to overlay base layer with some layers for feature such as navigation keys, function key(F1-F12), media keys or special actions.
Overlay feature layer
--------------------- bit|status
____________ ---+------
31 / / 31 | 0
30 /___________// -----> 30 | 1
29 /___________/ -----> 29 | 1
: : | :
: ____________ : | :
2 / / 2 | 0
,->1 /___________/ -----> 1 | 1
| 0 0 | 0
| +
`--- default_layer = 1 |
layer_state = 0x60000002 <-'
### 0.2 Layer Precedence and Transparency
Note that ***higher layer has higher priority on stack of layers***, namely firmware falls down from top layer to bottom to look up keycode. Once it spots keycode other than **`KC_TRNS`**(transparent) on a layer it stops searching and lower layers aren't referred.
You can place `KC_TRNS` on overlay layer changes just part of layout to fall back on lower or base layer.
Key with `KC_TRANS` doesn't has its own keycode and refers to lower valid layers for keycode, instead.
See example below.
### 0.3 Keymap Example
Keymap is **`keymaps[]`** C array in fact and you can define layers in it with **`KEYMAP()`** C macro and keycodes. To use complex actions you need to define `Fn` keycode in **`fn_actions[]`** array.
This is a keymap example for [HHKB](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Happy_Hacking_Keyboard) keyboard.
This example has three layers, 'Qwerty' as base layer, 'Cursor' and 'Mousekey'.
In this example,
`Fn0` is a **momentary layer switching** key, you can use keys on Cursor layer while holding the key.
`Fn1` is a momentary layer switching key with tapping feature, you can get semicolon **';'** with taping the key and switch layers while holding the key. The word **'tap'** or **'tapping'** mean to press and release a key quickly.
`Fn2` is a **toggle layer switch** key, you can stay switched layer after releasing the key unlike momentary switching.
You can find other keymap definitions in file `keymap.c` located on project directories.
static const uint8_t PROGMEM keymaps[][MATRIX_ROWS][MATRIX_COLS] = {
/* 0: Qwerty
* ,-----------------------------------------------------------.
* |Esc| 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| 8| 9| 0| -| =| \| `|
* |-----------------------------------------------------------|
* |Tab | Q| W| E| R| T| Y| U| I| O| P| [| ]|Backs|
* |-----------------------------------------------------------|
* |Contro| A| S| D| F| G| H| J| K| L|Fn1| '|Enter |
* |-----------------------------------------------------------|
* |Shift | Z| X| C| V| B| N| M| ,| .| /|Shift |Fn0|
* `-----------------------------------------------------------'
* |Gui|Alt |Space |Alt |Fn2|
* `-------------------------------------------'
*/
KEYMAP(ESC, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0, MINS,EQL, BSLS,GRV, \
TAB, Q, W, E, R, T, Y, U, I, O, P, LBRC,RBRC,BSPC, \
LCTL,A, S, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, FN1, QUOT,ENT, \
LSFT,Z, X, C, V, B, N, M, COMM,DOT, SLSH,RSFT,FN0, \
LGUI,LALT, SPC, RALT,FN2),
/* 1: Cursor(HHKB mode)
* ,-----------------------------------------------------------.
* |Pwr| F1| F2| F3| F4| F5| F6| F7| F8| F9|F10|F11|F12|Ins|Del|
* |-----------------------------------------------------------|
* |Caps | | | | | | | |Psc|Slk|Pus|Up | |Backs|
* |-----------------------------------------------------------|
* |Contro|VoD|VoU|Mut| | | *| /|Hom|PgU|Lef|Rig|Enter |
* |-----------------------------------------------------------|
* |Shift | | | | | | +| -|End|PgD|Dow|Shift | |
* `-----------------------------------------------------------'
* |Gui |Alt |Space |Alt |Gui|
* `--------------------------------------------'
*/
KEYMAP(PWR, F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, F7, F8, F9, F10, F11, F12, INS, DEL, \
CAPS,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,PSCR,SLCK,PAUS,UP, TRNS,BSPC, \
LCTL,VOLD,VOLU,MUTE,TRNS,TRNS,PAST,PSLS,HOME,PGUP,LEFT,RGHT,ENT, \
LSFT,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,PPLS,PMNS,END, PGDN,DOWN,RSFT,TRNS, \
LGUI,LALT, SPC, RALT,RGUI),
/* 2: Mousekey
* ,-----------------------------------------------------------.
* |Esc| F1| F2| F3| F4| F5| F6| F7| F8| F9|F10|F11|F12|Ins|Del|
* |-----------------------------------------------------------|
* |Tab | | | | | |MwL|MwD|MwU|MwR| | | |Backs|
* |-----------------------------------------------------------|
* |Contro| | | | | |McL|McD|McU|McR| | |Return |
* |-----------------------------------------------------------|
* |Shift | | | | |Mb3|Mb2|Mb1|Mb4|Mb5| |Shift | |
* `-----------------------------------------------------------'
* |Gui |Alt |Mb1 |Alt | |
* `--------------------------------------------'
* Mc: Mouse Cursor / Mb: Mouse Button / Mw: Mouse Wheel
*/
KEYMAP(ESC, F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, F7, F8, F9, F10, F11, F12, INS, DEL, \
TAB, TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,WH_L,WH_D,WH_U,WH_R,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,BSPC, \
LCTL,TRNS,ACL0,ACL1,ACL2,TRNS,MS_L,MS_D,MS_U,MS_R,TRNS,QUOT,ENT, \
LSFT,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,BTN3,BTN2,BTN1,BTN4,BTN5,SLSH,RSFT,TRNS, \
LGUI,LALT, BTN1, RALT,TRNS),
};
static const uint16_t PROGMEM fn_actions[] = {
ACTION_LAYER_MOMENTARY(1), // FN0
ACTION_LAYER_TAP_KEY(2, KC_SCLN), // FN1
ACTION_LAYER_TOGGLE(2), // FN2
};
## 1. Keycode
See [`common/keycode.h`](../common/keycode.h) or keycode table below for the detail. Keycode is internal **8bit code** to indicate action performed on key in keymap. Keycode has `KC_` prefixed symbol respectively. Most of keycodes like `KC_A` have simple action registers key to host on press and unregister on release, while some of other keycodes has some special actions like `Fn` keys, Media control keys, System control keys and Mousekeys.
***In `KEYMAP()` macro you should omit prefix part `KC_` of keycode to keep keymap compact.*** For example, just use `A` instead you place `KC_A` in `KEYMAP()`. Some keycodes has 4-letter **short name** in addition to descriptive name, you'll prefer short one in `KEYMAP()`.
### 1.0 Other key
- `KC_NO` for no action
- `KC_TRNS` for layer transparency (See above)
### 1.1 Normal key
- `KC_A` to `KC_Z`, `KC_1` to `KC_0` for alpha numeric key
- `KC_MINS`, `KC_EQL`, `KC_GRV`, `KC_RBRC`, `KC_LBRC`, `KC_COMM`, `KC_DOT`, `KC_BSLS`, `KC_SLSH`, `KC_SCLN`, `KC_QUOT`
- `KC_ESC`, `KC_TAB`, `KC_SPC`, `KC_BSPC`, `KC_ENT`, `KC_DEL`, `KC_INS`
- `KC_UP`, `KC_DOWN`, `KC_RGHT`, `KC_LEFT`, `KC_PGUP`, `KC_PGDN`, `KC_HOME`, `KC_END`
- `KC_CAPS`, `KC_NLCK`, `KC_SLCK`, `KC_PSCR`, `KC_PAUS`, `KC_APP`, `KC_F1` to `KC_F24`
- `KC_P1` to `KC_P0`, `KC_PDOT`, `KC_PCMM`, `KC_PSLS`, `KC_PAST`, `KC_PMNS`, `KC_PPLS`, `KC_PEQL`, `KC_PENT` for keypad.
### 1.2 Modifier
There are 8 modifiers which has discrimination between left and right.
- `KC_LCTL` and `KC_RCTL` for Control
- `KC_LSFT` and `KC_RSFT` for Shift
- `KC_LALT` and `KC_RALT` for Alt
- `KC_LGUI` and `KC_RGUI` for Windows key or Command key in Mac
### 1.3 Mousekey
- `KC_MS_U`, `KC_MS_D`, `KC_MS_L`, `KC_MS_R` for mouse cursor
- `KC_WH_U`, `KC_WH_D`, `KC_WH_L`, `KC_WH_R` for mouse wheel
- `KC_BTN1`, `KC_BTN2`, `KC_BTN3`, `KC_BTN4`, `KC_BTN5` for mouse buttons
### 1.4 System & Media key
- `KC_PWR`, `KC_SLEP`, `KC_WAKE` for Power, Sleep, Wake
- `KC_MUTE`, `KC_VOLU`, `KC_VOLD` for audio volume control
- `KC_MNXT`, `KC_MPRV`, `KC_MSTP`, `KC_MPLY`, `KC_MSEL` for media control
- `KC_MAIL`, `KC_CALC`, `KC_MYCM` for application launch
- `KC_WSCH`, `KC_WHOM`, `KC_WBAK`, `KC_WFWD`, `KC_WSTP`, `KC_WREF`, `KC_WFAV` for web browser operation
### 1.5 Fn key
`KC_FNnn` are keycodes for `Fn` key which not given any actions at the beginning unlike most of keycodes has its own inborn action. To use these keycodes in `KEYMAP()` you need to assign action you want at first. Action of `Fn` key is defined in `fn_actions[]` and its index of the array is identical with number part of `KC_FNnn`. Thus `KC_FN0` keycode indicates the action defined in first element of the array. ***32 `Fn` keys can be defined at most.***
### 1.6 Keycode Table
See keycode table in [`doc/keycode.txt`](./keycode.txt) for description of keycodes.
In regard to implementation side most of keycodes are identical with [HID usage][HID_usage](pdf) sent to host for real and some virtual keycodes are defined to support special actions.
[HID_usage]: http://www.usb.org/developers/hidpage/Hut1_12v2.pdf
## 2. Action
See [`common/action_code.h`](../common/action_code.h). Action is a **16bit code** and defines function to perform on events of a key like press, release, holding and tapping.
Most of keys just register 8bit scancode to host, but to support other complex features needs 16bit extended action codes internally. However, using 16bit action codes in keymap results in double size in memory compared to using just keycodes. To avoid this waste 8bit keycodes are used in `KEYMAP()` instead of action codes.
***You can just use keycodes of `Normal key`, `Modifier`, `Mousekey` and `System & Media key` in keymap*** to indicate corresponding actions instead of using action codes. While ***to use other special actions you should use keycode of `Fn` key defined in `fn_actions[]`.***
### 2.1 Key Action
This is a simple action that registers scancodes(HID usage in fact) to host on press event of key and unregister on release.
#### Parameters
+ **mods**: { ` MOD_LCTL`, ` MOD_LSFT`, ` MOD_LALT`, ` MOD_LGUI`,
` MOD_RCTL`, ` MOD_RSFT`, ` MOD_RALT`, ` MOD_RGUI` }
+ **key**: keycode
#### 2.1.1 Normal key and Modifier
***This action usually won't be used expressly in keymap*** because you can just use keycodes in `KEYMAP()` instead.
You can define these actions on *'A'* key and *'left shift'* modifier with:
ACTION_KEY(KC_A)
ACTION_KEY(KC_LSFT)
#### 2.1.2 Modified key
This action is comprised of strokes of modifiers and a key. `Macro` action is needed if you want more complex key strokes.
Say you want to assign a key to `Shift + 1` to get character *'!'* or `Alt + Tab` to switch application windows.
ACTION_MODS_KEY(MOD_LSFT, KC_1)
ACTION_MODS_KEY(MOD_LALT, KC_TAB)
Or `Alt,Shift + Tab` can be defined. `ACTION_MODS_KEY(mods, key)` requires **4-bit modifier state** and a **keycode** as arguments. See `keycode.h` for `MOD_BIT()` macro.
ACTION_MODS_KEY(MOD_LALT | MOD_LSFT, KC_TAB)
#### 2.1.3 Multiple Modifiers
Registers multiple modifiers with pressing a key. To specify multiple modifiers use `|`.
ACTION_MODS(MOD_ALT | MOD_LSFT)
#### 2.1.3 Modifier with Tap key([Dual role][dual_role])
Works as a modifier key while holding, but registers a key on tap(press and release quickly).
ACTION_MODS_TAP_KEY(MOD_RCTL, KC_ENT)
### 2.2 Layer Action
These actions operate layers of keymap.
#### Parameters
You can specify a **target layer** of action and **when the action is executed**. Some actions take a **bit value** for bitwise operation.
+ **layer**: `0`-`31`
+ **on**: { `ON_PRESS` | `ON_RELEASE` | `ON_BOTH` }
+ **bits**: 4-bit value and 1-bit mask bit
#### 2.2.1 Default Layer
Default Layer is a layer which always is valid and referred to when actions is not defined on other overlay layers.
This sets Default Layer to given parameter `layer` and activate it.
ACTION_DEFAULT_LAYER_SET(layer)
#### 2.2.2 Momentary
Turns on `layer` momentarily while holding, in other words it activates when key is pressed and deactivate when released.
ACTION_LAYER_MOMENTARY(layer)
#### 2.2.3 Toggle Switch
Turns on `layer` with first type(press and release) and turns off with next.
ACTION_LAYER_TOGGLE(layer)
#### 2.2.4 Momentary Switch with tap key
Turns on `layer` momentary while holding, but registers key on tap(press and release quickly).
ACTION_LAYER_TAP_KEY(layer, key)
#### 2.2.5 Momentary Switch with tap toggle
Turns on `layer` momentary while holding and toggles it with serial taps.
ACTION_LAYER_TAP_TOGGLE(layer)
#### 2.2.6 Invert state of layer
Inverts current state of `layer`. If the layer is on it becomes off with this action.
ACTION_LAYER_INVERT(layer, on)
#### 2.2.7 Turn On layer
Turns on layer state.
ACTION_LAYER_ON(layer, on)
Turns on layer state on press and turns off on release.
ACTION_LAYER_ON_OFF(layer)
#### 2.2.8 Turn Off layer
Turns off layer state.
ACTION_LAYER_OFF(layer, on)
Turns off layer state on press and activates on release.
ACTION_LAYER_OFF_ON(layer)
#### 2.2.9 Set layer
Turn on layer only.
`layer_state = (1<<layer) [layer: 0-31]`
ACTION_LAYER_SET(layer, on)
Turns on layer only and clear all layer on release..
ACTION_LAYER_SET_CLEAR(layer)
#### 2.2.10 Bitwise operation
**part** indicates which part of 32bit layer state(0-7). **bits** is 5-bit value. **on** indicates when the action is executed.
ACTION_LAYER_BIT_AND(part, bits, on)
ACTION_LAYER_BIT_OR(part, bits, on)
ACTION_LAYER_BIT_XOR(part, bits, on)
ACTION_LAYER_BIT_SET(part, bits, on)
These actions works with parameters as following code.
uint8_t shift = part*4;
uint32_t mask = (bits&0x10) ? ~(0xf<<shift) : 0;
uint32_t layer_state = layer_state <bitop> ((bits<<shift)|mask);
Default Layer also has bitwise operations, they are executed when key is released.
ACTION_DEFAULT_LAYER_BIT_AND(part, bits)
ACTION_DEFAULT_LAYER_BIT_OR(part, bits)
ACTION_DEFAULT_LAYER_BIT_XOR(part, bits)
ACTION_DEFAULT_LAYER_BIT_SET(part, bits)
### 2.3 Macro action
***TBD***
`Macro` action indicates complex key strokes.
MACRO( D(LSHIFT), D(D), END )
MACRO( U(D), U(LSHIFT), END )
MACRO( I(255), T(H), T(E), T(L), T(L), W(255), T(O), END )
#### 2.3.1 Macro Commands
- **I()** change interval of stroke.
- **D()** press key
- **U()** release key
- **T()** type key(press and release)
- **W()** wait
- **END** end mark
#### 2.3.2 Examples
***TODO: sample implementation***
See `keyboard/hhkb/keymap.c` for sample.
### 2.4 Function action
***TBD***
There are two type of action, normal `Function` and tappable `Function`.
These actions call user defined function with `id`, `opt`, and key event information as arguments.
#### 2.4.1 Function
To define normal `Function` action in keymap use this.
ACTION_FUNCTION(id, opt)
#### 2.4.2 Function with tap
To define tappable `Function` action in keymap use this.
ACTION_FUNCTION_TAP(id, opt)
#### 2.4.3 Implement user function
`Function` actions can be defined freely with C by user in callback function:
void keymap_call_function(keyrecord_t *event, uint8_t id, uint8_t opt)
This C function is called every time key is operated, argument `id` selects action to be performed and `opt` can be used for option. Function `id` can be 0-255 and `opt` can be 0-15.
`keyrecord_t` is comprised of key event and tap count. `keyevent_t` indicates which and when key is pressed or released. From `tap_count` you can know tap state, 0 means no tap. These information will be used in user function to decide how action of key is performed.
typedef struct {
keyevent_t event;
uint8_t tap_count;
} keyrecord_t;
typedef struct {
key_t key;
bool pressed;
uint16_t time;
} keyevent_t;
typedef struct {
uint8_t col;
uint8_t row;
} key_t;
***TODO: sample implementation***
See `keyboard/hhkb/keymap.c` for sample.
### 2.5 Backlight Action
These actions control the backlight.
#### 2.5.1 Change backlight level
Increase backlight level.
ACTION_BACKLIGHT_INCREASE()
Decrease backlight level.
ACTION_BACKLIGHT_DECREASE()
Step through backlight levels.
ACTION_BACKLIGHT_STEP()
Turn a specific backlight level on or off.
ACTION_BACKLIGHT_LEVEL(1)
#### 2.5.2 Turn on / off backlight
Turn the backlight on and off without changing level.
ACTION_BACKLIGHT_TOGGLE()
## 3. Layer switching Example
There are some ways to switch layer with 'Layer' actions.
### 3.1 Momentary switching
Momentary switching changes layer only while holding Fn key.
This action makes 'Layer 1' active(valid) on key press event and inactive on release event. Namely you can overlay a layer on lower layers or default layer temporarily with this action.
ACTION_LAYER_MOMENTARY(1)
Note that after switching on press the actions on destination layer(Layer 1) are performed.
***Thus you shall need to place an action to go back on destination layer***, or you will be stuck in destination layer without way to get back. Usually you need to place same action or 'KC_TRNS` on destination layer to get back.
### 3.2 Toggle switching
Toggle switching performed after releasing a key. With this action you can keep staying on the destination layer until you type the key again to return.
This performs toggle switching action of 'Layer 2'.
ACTION_LAYER_TOGGLE(2)
### 3.3 Momentary switching with Tap key
These actions switch a layer only while holding a key but register the key on tap. **Tap** means to press and release a key quickly.
ACTION_LAYER_TAP_KEY(2, KC_SCLN)
With this you can place a layer switching action on normal key like ';' without losing its original key register function. This action allows you to have layer switching action without necessity of a dedicated key. It means you can have it even on home row of keyboard.
### 3.4 Momentary switching with Tap Toggle
This switches layer only while holding a key but toggle layer with several taps. **Tap** means to press and release key quickly.
ACTION_LAYER_TAP_TOGGLE(1)
Number of taps can be configured with `TAPPING_TOGGLE` in `config.h`, `5` by default.
### 3.5 Momentary switching with Modifiers
This registers modifier key(s) simultaneously with layer switching.
ACTION_LAYER_MODS(2, MOD_LSFT | MOD_LALT)
## 4. Tapping
Tapping is to press and release a key quickly. Tapping speed is determined with setting of `TAPPING_TERM`, which can be defined in `config.h`, 200ms by default.
### 4.1 Tap Key
This is a feature to assign normal key action and modifier including layer switching to just same one physical key. This is a kind of [Dual role key][dual_role]. It works as modifier when holding the key but registers normal key when tapping.
Modifier with tap key:
ACTION_MODS_TAP_KEY(MOD_RSFT, KC_GRV)
Layer switching with tap key:
ACTION_LAYER_TAP_KEY(2, KC_SCLN)
[dual_role]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modifier_key#Dual-role_keys
### 4.2 Tap Toggle
This is a feature to assign both toggle layer and momentary switch layer action to just same one physical key. It works as momentary layer switch when holding a key but toggle switch with several taps.
ACTION_LAYER_TAP_TOGGLE(1)
### 4.3 Oneshot Modifier
This runs onetime effects which modify only on just one following key. It works as normal modifier key when holding down while oneshot modifier when tapping.
ACTION_MODS_ONESHOT(MOD_LSFT)
Say you want to type 'The', you have to push and hold Shift key before type 't' then release it before type 'h' and 'e', otherwise you'll get 'THe' or 'the' unintentionally. With Oneshot Modifier you can tap Shift then type 't', 'h' and 'e' normally, you don't need to holding Shift key properly here. This mean you can release Shift before 't' is pressed down.
Oneshot effect is cancel unless following key is pressed down within `ONESHOT_TIMEOUT` of `config.h`. No timeout when it is `0` or not defined.
### 4.4 Tap Toggle Mods
Similar to layer tap toggle, this works as a momentary modifier when holding, but toggles on with several taps. A single tap will 'unstick' the modifier again.
ACTION_MODS_TAP_TOGGLE(MOD_LSFT)
## 5. Legacy Keymap
This was used in prior version and still works due to legacy support code in `common/keymap.c`. Legacy keymap doesn't support many of features that new keymap offers. ***It is not recommended to use Legacy Keymap for new project.***
To enable Legacy Keymap support define this macro in `config.h`.
#define USE_LEGACY_KEYMAP
Legacy Keymap uses two arrays `fn_layer[]` and `fn_keycode[]` to define Fn key. The index of arrays corresponds with postfix number of `Fn` key. Array `fn_layer[]` indicates destination layer to switch and `fn_keycode[]` has keycodes to send when tapping `Fn` key.
In following setting example, `Fn0`, `Fn1` and `Fn2` switch layer to 1, 2 and 2 respectively. `Fn2` registers `Space` key when tapping while `Fn0` and `Fn1` doesn't send any key.
static const uint8_t PROGMEM fn_layer[] = {
1, // Fn0
2, // Fn1
2, // Fn2
};
static const uint8_t PROGMEM fn_keycode[] = {
KC_NO, // Fn0
KC_NO, // Fn1
KC_SPC, // Fn2
};
## 6. Terminology
***TBD***
### keymap
is comprised of multiple layers.
### layer
is matrix of keycodes.
### key
is physical button on keyboard or logical switch on software.
### keycode
is codes used on firmware.
### action
is a function assigned on a key.
### layer transparency
Using transparent keycode one layer can refer key definition on other lower layer.
### layer precedence
Top layer has higher precedence than lower layers.
### tapping
is to press and release a key quickly.
### Fn key
is key which executes a special action like layer switching, mouse key, macro or etc.
### dual role key
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modifier_key#Dual-role_keys>

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doc/other_projects.md
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Other Keyboard Firmware Projects
================================
## PJRC USB Keyboard/Mouse Example[USB][PJRC][Teensy][AVR]
- <http://www.pjrc.com/teensy/usb_keyboard.html>
- <http://www.pjrc.com/teensy/usb_mouse.html>
## kbupgrade[USB][V-USB][AVR]
- <http://github.com/rhomann/kbupgrade>
- <http://geekhack.org/showwiki.php?title=Island:8406>
## c64key[USB][V-USB][AVR]
- <http://symlink.dk/projects/c64key/>
## rump[USB][V-USB][AVR]
- <http://mg8.org/rump/>
- <http://github.com/clee/rump>
## dulcimer[USB][V-USB][AVR]
- <http://www.schatenseite.de/dulcimer.html>
## humblehacker-keyboard[USB][LUFA][AVR][Ergo]
- <http://github.com/humblehacker>
- <http://www.humblehacker.com/keyboard/>
- <http://geekhack.org/showwiki.php?title=Island:6292>
## ps2avr[PS/2][AVR]
- <http://sourceforge.net/projects/ps2avr/>
## ErgoDox[Ergo][Split][USB][AVR]
- <http://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=22780.0>
- <https://github.com/benblazak/ergodox-firmware>
- <https://github.com/cub-uanic/tmk_keyboard>
## Suka's keyboard collection[Ergo][Split][3DPrinting][USB][AVR]
- <http://deskthority.net/workshop-f7/my-diy-keyboard-collection-or-how-i-became-a-kb-geek-t2534.html>
- <https://github.com/frobiac/adnw>
## bpiphany's AVR-Keyboard[PJRC][AVR][USB]
- <https://github.com/BathroomEpiphanies/AVR-Keyboard>
- <http://deskthority.net/wiki/HID_Liberation_Device_-_DIY_Instructions>
- <http://deskthority.net/wiki/Phantom>
## USB-USB keyboard remapper[converter][USB-USB][AVR][Arduino]
- <http://forum.colemak.com/viewtopic.php?pid=10837>
- <https://github.com/darkytoothpaste/keymapper>
## USB-USB converter threads[converter][USB-USB]
- <http://deskthority.net/workshop-f7/is-remapping-a-usb-keyboard-using-teensy-possible-t2841-30.html>
- <http://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=19458.0>
## kbdbabel.org[converter][vintage][protocol][8051]
Great resource of vintage keyboard protocol information and code
- <http://www.kbdbabel.org/>
## Haata's kiibohd Controller[converter][vintage][protocol][AVR][PJRC][Cortex]
A lots of vintage keyboard protocol supports
- <http://gitorious.org/kiibohd-controller>
## Kinesis ergonomic keyboard firmware replacement[V-USB][LUFA][Ergo]
- <https://github.com/chrisandreae/kinesis-firmware>