t.m.k. Keyboard Firmware Collection

This is a keyboard firmware with some features for Atmel AVR controller.

Source code is available here: http://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard

Features

• Multi-layer Keymap - Multiple keyboard layouts with layer switching
• Mouse key - Mouse control with keyboard
• System Control Key - Power Down, Sleep, Wake Up and USB Remote Wake up
• Media Control Key - Volume Down/Up, Mute, Next/Prev track, Play, Stop and etc
• USB NKRO - 120 keys(+ 8 modifiers) simultaneously
• PS/2 mouse support - PS/2 mouse(TrackPoint) as composite device
• Keyboard protocols - PS/2, ADB, M0110, Sun and other old keyboard protocols
• User Function - Customizable function of key with writing code
• Macro - Very primitive at this time
• Keyboard Tricks - Oneshot modifier and modifier with tapping feature
• Debug Console - Messages for debug and interaction with firmware

Projects

You can find some keyboard specific projects under converter and keyboard directory.

converter

• ps2_usb - PS/2 keyboard to USB
• adb_usb - ADB keyboard to USB
• m0110_usb - Machintosh 128K/512K/Plus keyboard to USB
• terminal_usb - IBM Model M terminal keyboard(PS/2 scancode set3) to USB
• news_usb - Sony NEWS keyboard to USB
• x68k_usb - Sharp X68000 keyboard to USB
• sun_usb - Sun to USB(type4, 5 and 3?)
• pc98_usb - PC98 to USB
• usb_usb - USB to USB(experimental)

keyboard

• hhkb - Happy Hacking Keyboard professional
• macway - Compact keyboard mod
• hbkb - Happy Buckling sprint keyboard(IBM Model M mod)
• IIgs_Standard - Apple IIGS keyboard mod(by JeffreySung)
• hid_liber - HID liberation controller(by alaricljs)
• phantom - Phantom keyboard (by Tranquilite)
• gh60 - GH60 keyboard

Build & Program

Install Tools

First, you need tools to build firmware and program your controller. I assume you are on Windows here.

1. Install WinAVR. This is old but works well for this purpose. WinAVR is a tool set to build firmware including C compiler(gcc) and make commands. You can use CrossPack instead if you are on Mac.

2. Install Atmel FLIP. FLIP is a tool to program(load) firmware into AVR controller(ATMega32u4) via DFU bootloader. ATMega32u4 has DFU bootloader by factory default. You can use dfu-programmer instead if you are on Mac.

3. Install driver for DFU bootloader. At first time you start DFU bootloader on Chip ‘Found New Hardware Wizard’ will come up on Windows. If you install device driver properly you can find chip name like ‘ATmega32U4’ under ‘LibUSB-Win32 Devices’ tree on ‘Device Manager’. If not you shall need to update its driver on ‘Device Manager’. You will find the driver in FLIP install directory like: C:\Program Files (x86)\Atmel\Flip 3.4.5\usb. If you use dfu-programmer install its driver.

If you use PJRC Teensy you don’t need step 2 and 3, just get Teensy loader.

Download source

You can find firmware source at github: https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard

If you are familiar with Git tools you are recommended to use it.
If not you can download zip archive from: https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/archive/master.zip

Build firmware

1. Open terminal window to get access to commands. You can use cmd in Windows or Terminal.app on Mac OSX. In Windows press Windows key and R then enter cmd in Run command dialog showing up.

2. Move to project directory in the firmware source.

   cd tmk_keyboard/{keyboard or converter}/

3. Build firmware using GNU make command. You’ll see _.hex file in that directory unless something unexpected occurs in build process.

   mkae -f Makefile. clean make -f Makefile.

Program Controller

Sock AVR USB chip including ATmega32U4 has DFU bootloader by factory default, you can use DFU tools for this purpose. FLIP is a DFU tool on Windows offered by Atmel. Open source command line DFU tool dfu-programmer also supports AVR chips, which run on Linux, Mac OSX and even Windows. If you have a PJRC Teensy you should use Teensy Loader.

DFU bootloader

To program AVR chip with DFU bootloader use FLIP or dfu-programmer. If you have a proper program command in Makefile just type this.

FLIP has two version of tool, GUI app and command line program. If you want GUI see tutorial section below. To use command line tool run this command. Note that you need to set PATH variable properly.

$ make -f Makefile.<variant> flip

To program with dfu-programmer run:

$ make -f Makefile.<variant> dfu

Teensy

If you have PJRC Teensy see instruction of Teensy Loader at: http://www.pjrc.com/teensy/loader.html Or use this command if you have command line version of Teensy Loader installed.

$ make -f Makefile.<variant> teensy

Other programmer

You may want to use other you favorite programmer like avrdude with AVRISPmkII, Aruduino or USBasp. In that case you can still use make target program for build with configuring PROGRAM_CMD in Makefile.

$ make -f Makefile.<variant> program

FLIP GUI tutorial

1. On menu bar click Device -> Select, then. ATmega32u4.

2. On menu bar click Settings -> Communication -> USB, then click ‘Open’ button on ‘USB Port Connection’ dialog. At this point you’ll see greyouted widgets on the app get colored and ready.

3. On menu bar click File -> Load HEX File, then select your firmware hex file on File Selector dialog.

4. On ‘Operations Flow’ panel click ‘Run’ button to load the firmware binary to the chip. Note that you should keep ‘Erase’, ‘Blank Check’, ‘Program’ and ‘Verify’ check boxes selected.

5. Re-plug USB cord or click ‘Start Application’ button to restart your controller. Done.

See also these instaructions if you need.

• http://code.google.com/p/micropendous/wiki/LoadingFirmwareWithFLIP
• http://www.atmel.com/Images/doc7769.pdf

Makefile Options

1. MCU and Frequency.

MCU = atmega32u4       # Teensy 2.0
#MCU = at90usb1286      # Teensy++ 2.0
F_CPU = 16000000

2. Features

Note that comment out to disable them.

MOUSEKEY_ENABLE = yes   # Mouse keys
PS2_MOUSE_ENABLE = yes  # PS/2 mouse(TrackPoint) support
EXTRAKEY_ENABLE = yes   # Enhanced feature for Windows(Audio control and System control)
NKRO_ENABLE = yes       # USB Nkey Rollover

3. Programmer

Optional. Set proper command for your controller, bootloader and programmer.

# for PJRC Teensy
PROGRAM_CMD = teensy_loader_cli -mmcu=$(MCU) -w -v $(TARGET).hex

# for Atmel chip with DFU bootloader
PROGRAM_CMD = dfu-programmer $(MCU) flash $(TARGET).hex

# avrdude with other methods
PROGRAM_CMD = avrdude -p $(MCU) -c avrispmkII -P USB -U flash:w:$(TARGET).hex
PROGRAM_CMD = avrdude -p $(MCU) -c usbasp -U flash:w:$(TARGET).hex
PROGRAM_CMD = avrdude -p $(MCU) -c arduino -P COM1 -b 57600 -U flash:w:$(TARGET).hex

Config.h Options

1. USB vendor/product ID and device description

#define VENDOR_ID       0xFEED
#define PRODUCT_ID      0xBEEF
/* device description */
#define MANUFACTURER    t.m.k.
#define PRODUCT         Macway mod
#define DESCRIPTION     t.m.k. keyboard firmware for Macway mod

2. Keyboard matrix configuration

#define MATRIX_ROWS 8
#define MATRIX_COLS 8
#define MATRIX_HAS_GHOST

3. Mouse keys

4. PS/2 mouse

5. COMMAND key combination

#define IS_COMMAND() (keyboard_report->mods == (MOD_BIT(KB_LSHIFT) | MOD_BIT(KB_RSHIFT))) 

Change your keymap

keymap.md

Debuging

Use PJRC’s hid_listen to see debug messages. You can use the tool for debug even if firmware use LUFA stack.

You will see output from firmware like this.

r/c 01234567
00: 00000000
01: 00000000
02: 00000000
03: 00000000
04: 00000000
05: 00000000
06: 00000000
07: 00000000

---- action_exec: start -----
EVENT: 0307u(22511)
Tapping: Tap release(2)
ACTION: ACT_LAYER[5:2C]
LAYER_PRESSED: Tap: unregister_code
TAPPING_KEY=0307u(22511):2
processed: 0307u(22511):2

Tapping: End(Timeout after releasing last tap): FFFFu(22715)
TAPPING_KEY=0000u(0):0

Magic Comannds

To see help press Magic + H.

Magic key bind may be LShift + RShift in many project, but Power key on ADB converter. Magic keybind can be vary on each project, check config.h in project directory.

Following commands can be also executed with Magic + key. In console mode Magic keybind is not needed.

----- Command Help -----
c:      enter console mode
d:      toggle debug enable
x:      toggle matrix debug
k:      toggle keyboard debug
m:      toggle mouse debug
p:      toggle print enable
v:      print device version & info
t:      print timer count
s:      print status
0/F10:  switch to Layer0
1/F1:   switch to Layer1
2/F2:   switch to Layer2
3/F3:   switch to Layer3
4/F4:   switch to Layer4
PScr:   power down/remote wake-up
Caps:   Lock Keyboard(Child Proof)
Paus:   jump to bootloader

Boot Magic

Magic commands are executed when boot time. Press Magic command key then pulgin.

Define these macros in config.h.

IS_BOOTMAGIC_DEBUG
IS_BOOTMAGIC_BOOTLOADER

TODO: sample impl See keyboard/hhkb/config.h for sample.

Start Your Own Project

Files & Directories

Top

• common/ - common codes
• protocol/ - keyboard protocol support
• keyboard/ - keyboard projects
• converter/ - protocol converter projects
• doc/ - documents
• common.mk - Makefile for common
• protoco.mk - Makefile for protocol
• rules.mk - Makefile for build rules

Common

• action.[ch]
• action_macro.[ch]
• bootloader.[ch]
• command.[ch]
• controller_teensy.h
• debug.[ch]
• host.[ch]
• host_driver.h
• keyboard.[ch]
• keycode.h
• keymap.[ch]
• led.h
• matrix.h
• mousekey.[ch]
• print.[ch]
• report.h
• sendchar.h
• sendchar_null.c
• sendchar_uart.c
• timer.[ch]
• uart.[ch]
• util.[ch]

Keyboard Protocols

• lufa/ - LUFA USB stack
• pjrc/ - PJRC USB stack
• vusb/ - Objective Development V-USB
• iwrap/ - Bluetooth HID for Bluegiga iWRAP
• ps2.c - PS/2 protocol
• adb.c - Apple Desktop Bus protocol
• m0110.c - Macintosh 128K/512K/Plus keyboard protocol
• news.c - Sony NEWS keyboard protocol
• x68k.c - Sharp X68000 keyboard protocol
• serial_soft.c - Asynchronous Serial protocol implemented by software

License

Under GPL 2 or later. Some protocol files are under Modified BSD License. LUFA, PJRC and V-USB stack have their own license respectively.